Sarmad Qassim Mohammed, Aqeel Abbas Noaman,  Idriss Saleh Jalil                       

 Middle Technical University, Institute of Technical, Baqubah, Iraq

sarmadbio6@gmail.com

Received: Feb 12, 2022 / Revised: Mar 2, 2022 / Accepted: Mar 7, 2022

Abstract

One of the most important dilemmas that faced patients and medical staff in the past in health institutions is a hospital infection, and it continues at present. Nosocomial infections are caused by almost all organisms but are mostly caused by bacteria, and the species Acinetobacter baumannii is of clinical importance as. It is one of the main causes of nosocomial infections in most regions of the world. These species are characterized by their ability to grow with a wide temperature range between 15- 44 °C, causing common clinical multiples including Hospital-acquired pneumonia, Meningitis. Nosocomial, post-neurosurgical, and bloodstream infections. World Health Organization (WHO) has identified a group of twelve “significant” pathogenic including carbapenem-resistant A. baumannii as the supreme severe pathogens. The universal spread of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is one of the major universal problems in the twenty-first century. This evaluated that by the year 2050, an infection caused via resistant strains will result in three hundred million diseases. Relevant efforts must be combined to avoid complications caused by the universal spread of antimicrobial-resistant (AMR) strains.

Keywords   Nosocomial infections, Acinetobacter baumannii, Resistance of antibiotic, Epidemiological

How to cite this article

Mohammed, S. Q., Noaman, A. A., Jalil, I. S. (2022). Epidemiological Review of Nosocomial Infections Caused by Acinetobacter Baumanni. Science Archives, Vol. 3 (1), 80-83.  http://dx.doi.org/10.47587/SA.2022.3110

References

Abo-Zed, A., Yassin, M., & Phan, T. (2020). Acinetobacter junii as a rare pathogen of urinary tract infection. Urology Case Reports32, 101209.

Anstey, N. M., Currie, B. J., Hassell, M., Palmer, D., Dwyer, B., & Seifert, H. (2002). Community-acquired bacteremic Acinetobacter pneumonia in tropical Australia is caused by diverse strains of Acinetobacter baumannii, with carriage in the throat in at-risk groups. Journal of clinical microbiology40(2), 685-686.

Blanco, N., Harris, A. D., Rock, C., Johnson, J. K., Pineles, L., Bonomo, R. A., & Thom, K. A. (2018). Risk factors and outcomes associated with multidrug-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii upon intensive care unit admission. Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy62(1), e01631-17.

Chen, H., Cao, J., Zhou, C., Liu, H., Zhang, X., & Zhou, T. (2017). Biofilm formation restrained by subinhibitory concentrations of tigecyclin in Acinetobacter baumannii is associated with downregulation of efflux pumps. Chemotherapy62(2), 128-133.

Custovic, A., Smajlovic, J., Tihic, N., Hadzic, S., Ahmetagic, S., & Hadzagic, H. (2014). Epidemiological monitoring of nosocomial infections caused by Acinetobacter baumannii. Medical Archives68(6), 402.

Daniels, T. L., Deppen, S., Arbogast, P. G., Griffin, M. R., Schaffner, W., & Talbot, T. R. (2008). Mortality rates associated with multidrug-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii infection in surgical intensive care units. Infection Control & Hospital Epidemiology29(11), 1080-1083.

Doughari, H. J., Ndakidemi, P. A., Human, I. S., & Benade, S. (2009). The ecology, biology and pathogenesis of Acinetobacter spp.: an overview. Microbes and environments, 1103150282-1103150282.

Eze, E. C., Chenia, H. Y., & El Zowalaty, M. E. (2018). Acinetobacter baumannii biofilms: effects of physicochemical factors, virulence, antibiotic resistance determinants, gene regulation, and future antimicrobial treatments. Infection and drug resistance11, 2277.

Fan, L., Sun, J., Zhou, M., Zhou, J., Lao, X., Zheng, H., & Xu, H. (2016). DRAMP: a comprehensive data repository of antimicrobial peptides. Scientific reports6(1), 1-7.

Garnacho-Montero, J., Ortiz-Leyba, C., Fernández-Hinojosa, E., Aldabó-Pallás, T., Cayuela, A., Marquez-Vácaro, J. A., & Jiménez-Jiménez, F. J. (2005). Acinetobacter baumannii ventilator-associated pneumonia: epidemiological and clinical findings. Intensive care medicine31(5), 649-655.

Gerischer, U.  (2008). Acinetobacter Molecular Biology 1st ed. Caister Academic Press, Germany.   1-348.

Giammanco, A., Calà, C., Fasciana, T., & Dowzicky, M. J. (2017). Global assessment of the activity of tigecycline against multidrug-resistant Gram-negative pathogens between 2004 and 2014 as part of the tigecycline evaluation and surveillance trial. Msphere2(1), e00310-16.

Greene, C., Vadlamudi, G., Newton, D., Foxman, B., & Xi, C. (2016). The influence of biofilm formation and multidrug resistance on environmental survival of clinical and environmental isolates of Acinetobacter baumannii. American journal of infection control44(5), e65-e71.

Jang, T. N., Lee, S. H., Huang, C. H., Lee, C. L., & Chen, W. Y. (2009). Risk factors and impact of nosocomial Acinetobacter baumannii bloodstream infections in the adult intensive care unit: a case–control study. Journal of hospital infection73(2), 143-150.

Jin, Y., Yang, H., Qiao, M., & Jin, S. (2011). MexT regulates the type III secretion system through MexS and PtrC in Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Journal of bacteriology193(2), 399-410.

Kenyon, J. J., & Hall, R. M. (2013). Variation in the complex carbohydrate biosynthesis loci of Acinetobacter baumannii genomes. PloS one8(4), e62160.

Kaushik, P., & Chauhan, A. (2008). In vitro antibacterial activity of laboratory grown culture of Spirulina platensis. Indian Journal of Microbiology48(3), 348-352.

Kyriakidis, I., Vasileiou, E., Pana, Z. D., & Tragiannidis, A. (2021). Acinetobacter baumannii antibiotic resistance mechanisms. Pathogens10(3), 373.

Lavrinenko, A., Sheck, E., Kolesnichenko, S., Azizov, I., & Turmukhambetova, A. (2021). Antibiotic Resistance and Genotypes of Nosocomial Strains of Acinetobacter baumannii in Kazakhstan. Antibiotics10(4), 382.

Li, J., Wang, J., Yang, Y., Cai, P., Cao, J., Cai, X., & Zhang, Y. (2020). Etiology and antimicrobial resistance of secondary bacterial infections in patients hospitalized with COVID-19 in Wuhan, China: a retrospective analysis. Antimicrobial Resistance & Infection Control9(1), 1-7.

Manchanda, V., Sanchaita, S., & Singh, N. P. (2010). Multidrug resistant acinetobacter. Journal of global infectious diseases2(3), 291.

McGuckin, M., Waterman, R., & Govednik, J. (2009). Hand hygiene compliance rates in the United States—a one-year multicenter collaboration using product/volume usage measurement and feedback. American Journal of Medical Quality24(3), 205-213.

Menegucci, T. C., Fedrigo, N. H., Lodi, F. G., Albiero, J., Nishiyama, S. A. B., Mazucheli, J., & Tognim, M. C. B. (2019). Pharmacodynamic effects of sulbactam/meropenem/polymyxin-B combination against extremely drug resistant Acinetobacter baumannii using checkerboard information. Microbial Drug Resistance25(9), 1266-1274.

Metan, G., Alp, E., Aygen, B., & Sumerkan, B. (1986). Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy Advance Access published May 31, 2007. Infect Dis18, 533-8.

Michot, J. M., Seral, C., Van Bambeke, F., Mingeot-Leclercq, M. P., & Tulkens, P. M. (2005). Influence of efflux transporters on the accumulation and efflux of four quinolones (ciprofloxacin, levofloxacin, garenoxacin, and moxifloxacin) in J774 macrophages. Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy49(6), 2429-2437.

Morris, F. C., Dexter, C., Kostoulias, X., Uddin, M. I., & Peleg, A. Y. (2019). The mechanisms of disease caused by Acinetobacter baumannii. Frontiers in microbiology10, 1601.

Mulani, M. S., Kamble, E. E., Kumkar, S. N., Tawre, M. S., & Pardesi, K. R. (2019). Emerging strategies to combat ESKAPE pathogens in the era of antimicrobial resistance: a review. Frontiers in microbiology10, 539.

Nie, D., Hu, Y., Chen, Z., Li, M., Hou, Z., Luo, X., & Xue, X. (2020). Outer membrane protein A (OmpA) as a potential therapeutic target for Acinetobacter baumannii infection. Journal of biomedical science27(1), 1-8.

Parra-Millán, R., Guerrero-Gómez, D., Ayerbe-Algaba, R., Pachón-Ibáñez, M. E., Miranda-Vizuete, A., Pachón, J., & Smani, Y. (2018). Intracellular trafficking and persistence of Acinetobacter baumannii requires transcription factor EB. Msphere3(2), e00106-18.

Peleg, A. Y., Seifert, H., & Paterson, D. L. (2008). Acinetobacter baumannii: emergence of a successful pathogen. Clinical microbiology reviews21(3), 538-582.

Poirel, L., Bonnin, R. A., & Nordmann, P. (2011). Genetic basis of antibiotic resistance in pathogenic Acinetobacter species. IUBMB life63(12), 1061-1067.

Rangel, K., Chagas, T. P. G., & De-Simone, S. G. (2021). Acinetobacter baumannii infections in times of COVID-19 pandemic. Pathogens10(8), 1006.

Rasmussen, S. A., Smulian, J. C., Lednicky, J. A., Wen, T. S., Jamieson, D. J. (2019). Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) and pregnancy: What obstetricians need to know. Am. J. Obstet. Gynecol. 2020, 222, 415–426.

Ritchie, A. I., & Singanayagam, A. (2020). Immunosuppression for hyperinflammation in COVID-19: a double-edged sword? The Lancet395(10230), 1111.

Vrancianu, C. O., Gheorghe, I., Czobor, I. B., & Chifiriuc, M. C. (2020). Antibiotic resistance profiles, molecular mechanisms and innovative treatment strategies of Acinetobacter baumannii. Microorganisms8(6), 935.

Wenzel, R. P., Edmond, M. B. (2004). Nosocomial bloodstream infections in US hospitals: analysis of 24,179 cases from a prospective nationwide surveillance study. Clin Infect Dis 2004; 39:309-17,

WHO. Prevention of hospital-acquired infections. A practical guide. 2002.

Yang, S., Hua, M., Liu, X., Du, C., Pu, L., Xiang, P., & Liu, J. (2021). Bacterial and fungal co-infections among COVID-19 patients in intensive care unit. Microbes and infection23(4-5), 104806.

Zarrilli, R., Crispino, M., Bagattini, M., Barretta, E., Di Popolo, A., Triassi, M., & Villari, P. (2004). Molecular epidemiology of sequential outbreaks of Acinetobacter baumannii in an intensive care unit shows the emergence of carbapenem resistance. Journal of clinical microbiology42(3), 946-953.

Zhou, H., Yao, Y., Zhu, B., Ren, D., Yang, Q., Fu, Y., & Zhou, J. (2019). Risk factors for acquisition and mortality of multidrug-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii bacteremia: A retrospective study from a Chinese hospital. Medicine98(13).

Licence                  Article Metadata

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.

View Details